Showing posts with label Natchez. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Natchez. Show all posts

Sunday, August 30, 2009

Dunleith Plantation, Natchez, Mississippi

Encircled by 26 stately white columns, Dunleith is one of the most beautiful mansions in Natchez, Mississippi, yet it has a history of tragedy.

The site was originally occupied by another mansion called "Routhland," built during the late 1700s by Job Routh and his wife. They both died and left the house to their daughter, Mary, who was 15 years of age and already a widow. Mary took Charles Dahlgren as her second husband and inherited the house. Dalhgren was a successful banker since before his marriage to Mary and became a Confederate Brigadier General during the War Between the States.

In 1855 Routhland was struck by lightning and burned to the ground. Dahlgren built a new mansion (the present one) in its place in 1856. Mary, still a very young woman, only enjoyed the new house for three years when she tragically died. The property was sold for $30,000 in order to settle the estate. The new owner, Alfred Vidal Davis, gave the house the Scottish name of Dunleith.

For the most part, Natchez was spared during the United States invasion of the Confederate States of America. This was only because, after seeing the devastation wrought by the Yankee army just 70 miles up the Mississippi River in Vicksburg, Natchez promptly surrendered.

Even though Dunleith and numerous other antebellum mansions survived, neither Natchez nor Mississippi has yet fully recovered from the ravage and destruction of the War. Before Abraham Lincoln illegally ordered the invasion and subjugation of the South, Natchez was the wealthiest city per capita in all of North America. During and following the War, the local economy took a sharp decline. Some Natchez families were forced to turn their beloved homes into boarding houses to provide housing for the legions of northern carpetbaggers who flooded into the area to continue their plunder of the defeated South during what became the travesty of Reconstruction.

Today Dunleith is a tourist attraction and is open daily for guided tours.

Monday, December 29, 2008

William Johnson, Black Slaveholder of Natchez


There are more than 50 antebellum homes which can be toured in Natchez, Mississippi. The first one of the seven that my wife, Karen, and I personally visited on a Christmas vacation trip to Natchez was the William Johnson House.

William Johnson was a prosperous businessman and the owner of 16 slaves. He was also a free black man. Those with only a superficial knowledge of the American South often think that all blacks were slaves and all (or at least most) whites were slave owners. In fact, only 4.08 percent of free southern whites owned slaves, while there were literally thousands of free blacks, and among them 28 percent were slave owners. Far more free blacks lived in the south than in the north, and they owned slaves in disproportionate numbers to the white population.

A National Park Service employee in Natchez told us that when the William Johnson house was being restored, the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) was very enthusiastic about being involved in the process. Then, when the NAACP discovered that Johnson had been a slave owner, they immediately withdrew from the project. It seems that the NAACP is only interested in perpetuating their own "politically correct", albeit incomplete, story of the black man in the antebellum South.

William Johnson was born a slave but freed by his master as a young man. He became a barber, and eventually owned four barber shops in Natchez. He hired others to work for him, and he also bought slaves who worked in his home and businesses. The slave quarters are in a separate building behind his home, which is now owned by the National Park Service.


Inside the house are exhibits which tell Johnson's story. William Johnson kept a detailed diary for many years and quotes from those journals provide an amazing source of information about the often misunderstood realities of what it was like to be black and free in antebellum America.
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Photos and Article by J. Stephen Conn